Which method of contraception is considered hormone-based?

Birth control pills are considered hormone-based contraception because they contain hormones, typically a combination of estrogen and progestin, or just progestin, which work to prevent ovulation. By maintaining hormonal levels, these pills effectively inhibit the release of eggs from the ovaries and can also thicken cervical mucus, making it more challenging for sperm to enter the uterus. This method is designed to provide a reliable way of preventing pregnancy through hormonal regulation of the reproductive system.

In contrast, condoms are barrier methods that physically block sperm from reaching the egg, cervical caps also act as a barrier but are positioned to cover the cervix, and natural family planning relies on tracking the menstrual cycle to predict fertile days without any hormonal intervention. Therefore, the defining characteristic of the birth control pill as hormone-based sets it apart from the other options.