What role does luteinizing hormone (LH) play in the reproductive system?

Luteinizing hormone (LH) is critical in the reproductive system as it triggers ovulation, which is the process where an ovarian follicle releases an egg in response to a surge in LH levels. This surge typically occurs around the midpoint of the menstrual cycle, following the rise in estrogen levels produced by developing follicles. The LH surge signals the body to prepare for ovulation, allowing the mature egg to be released so that it can potentially be fertilized by sperm.

The importance of LH in this context is that it initiates the final maturation of the oocyte (the precursor to the egg) and the subsequent release of the egg from the ovary, effectively setting the stage for possible conception. This event is a defining feature of the menstrual cycle and is essential for fertility.

While other hormones contribute to overall reproductive health and regulation of the menstrual cycle, it is specifically the role of LH in triggering ovulation that distinguishes its function in this question.