What can heavy menstrual bleeding and pain indicate?

Heavy menstrual bleeding and pain are common symptoms associated with uterine fibroids, which are noncancerous growths in the uterus. These fibroids can cause a variety of complications, including increased menstrual flow and pelvic discomfort due to their size and location. The presence of fibroids often leads to a range of symptoms that include severe cramps, prolonged periods, and in some cases, anemia due to significant blood loss. Thus, in the context of the symptoms presented, uterine fibroids are a direct and relevant cause of heavy menstrual bleeding and pain.

While other conditions such as ovulation or menopause can also affect menstrual patterns, they do not typically result in the combination of heavy bleeding and intense pain to the same extent as fibroids. Ovarian failure, which refers to the loss of normal ovarian function before the age of 40, may also lead to variations in menstrual cycles but usually doesn't present with heavy bleeding. These distinctions emphasize the significance of fibroids as a likely source of the described symptoms.