In terms of pregnancy, what does "viability" refer to?

Viability in the context of pregnancy specifically refers to the ability of the fetus to survive outside the uterus. This concept is crucial as it marks a point in gestation where the fetus has developed to a stage that it may sustain life independently, typically around 24 weeks of gestation, although advancements in neonatal care are increasingly allowing survival at earlier gestational ages.

The significance of viability encompasses both the development of sufficient organ systems, such as the lungs and brain, and the overall maturity required to function outside the protective environment of the womb. This is distinct from other options; for example, the development of organs is part of the process leading to viability but does not itself define it. Movement within the womb is also a normal part of fetal development but does not assess the capacity for independent life. Gestational age is important in determining viability, but it does not directly address the functional capability of the fetus to survive on its own. Thus, the accurate understanding of viability centers on the specific ability of the fetus to live autonomously upon birth.